ABSTRACT
The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) lead to dramatic changes in the treatment strategy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the efficacy of ICIs in oncogene-driven NSCLC is controversial. Existing research shows that the efficacy of ICIs may be related to different types of driver genes, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) level, and tumor mutational burden (TMB). It may involved in other factors, such as clinical characteristics, and immune cell density. ICIs monotherapy or combination therapy may play a role in a subset of oncogene-driven NSCLC patients, but further studies are needed to select these patients, which may be an important direction for the future development of advanced NSCLC.